• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In various embodiments, a spacer grid for a nuclear reactor fuel bundle is provided. The grid includes a plurality of interstitial dividers that form an array of cells. Each cell is structured to retain a respective one of a plurality of fuel rods to thereby form an array of equally spaced fuel rods. The grid additionally includes a perimeter band that peripherally surrounds the dividers and is connected to opposing ends of each divider. The perimeter band includes a plurality of spring tabs formed along and extending from an edge of the perimeter band. The spring tabs extend from the edge at an angle away from the dividers such that a distal end of each spring tab will contact an interior surface of a respective one of a plurality of walls of a channel in which the arrayed fuel rods can be inserted to form the fuel bundle.
    公开号:SE534438C2
    申请号:SE0800828
    申请日:2008-04-11
    公开日:2011-08-23
    发明作者:Russell Patrick Higgins
    申请人:Gen Electric；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    534 438 and the walls of the duct, which allow grouped fuel rods, ie the fuel rods which are poured into the diffuser grilles, to be inserted more easily into the respective ducts. However, this gap allows movement of the grouped fuel rods in the respective channels. When, for example, the fuel bundles are placed in a reactor, such movement can be caused by many forces in the reactor, such as the moderator current. The movement of the grouped fuel rods in a reactor can cause some of the peripheral, ie outermost, fuel rods in the group to move against the duct walls, while other peripheral fuel rods move away from the duct walls. When one of the peripheral fuel rods moves against one or more of the duct walls, the flow of moderator coolant is inhibited at these highly reactive fuel rods, especially at the fuel rods adjacent the corner of the duct. As a result, the performance of the entire fuel bundle must be limited. Inhibition of the coolant flow causes critical power losses with its peripheral fuel rods, so that its critical power limits are not exceeded with the peripheral fuel rods.
    Another example of grouped fuel rods moving in each channel is during transport of the fuel rods. During transport, the gap between the duct and the diffuser grilles can allow grouped fuel rods to move or “rattle” in the ducts and cause structural damage to the diffuser grille and abrasion damage to the fuel rods. Another disadvantage of known diffuser grilles, in particular the circumferential band, is that the structural construction of such diffuser grilles can inhibit the flow of coolant between the duct walls and the peripheral fuel rods, which can limit the energy generation potential of the peripheral fuel rods. Furthermore, the circumferential bands do little or nothing to "peel off" the coolant from the duct walls, so that the coolant is used to cool the grouped fuel rods. 70 534 438 Summary According to one aspect, a diffuser grille is provided for a fuel reactor of a nuclear reactor. In various embodiments, the spreader grid comprises a plurality of spacers that form a group of cells. Each cell is structured to hold one of several fuel rods and to form a group of equidistant fuel rods. The spreader grille also comprises a circumferential band, which around the circumference surrounds the dividers and is connected to opposite ends of each divider. The circumferential band comprises a plurality of spring tabs formed along an edge of the circumferential band. The spring flaps extend from the edge at an angle away from the dividers so that the distal end of each spring flap contacts the inner surface of one of a plurality of walls of a channel in which the arranged fuel rods can be inserted to form the fuel bundle.
    According to another aspect, a fuel bundle is provided for a nuclear reactor. In various embodiments, the fuel bundle comprises a plurality of fuel rods. a spreading grille comprising a plurality of space dividers, as well as a circumferential band, which peripherally surrounds the dividers. The circumferential band is connected to opposite ends of each divider to form a group of cells. Each cell is designed to receive a fuel rod to form a group of equidistant fuel tube rods. The fuel bundle also comprises an elongate, shaped channel, in which the grouped fuel rods are housed. A plurality of spring flaps extend from the edge of the circumferential band at an angle away from the dividers, so that the distal end of each spring flap comes into contact with an inner surface of one of the several walls of the channel.
    Additional areas of use will be apparent from the description below. It should be noted that the description and the specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. 534 438 The drawings The description of the drawings is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
    Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a nuclear reactor showing a fuel bundle comprising a spreader grid for fuel rods according to various embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 2A is a top view of the spreading grid shown in Fig. 1 according to various embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 2B is a side view of the spreader grid of Fig. 2A.
    Fig. 3 is an isometric sectional view of the spreader grid of Fig. 1 showing a corner spring tab of the spreader grid according to various embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 4 is a side view of the spreader grid of Fig. 1 according to various embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 5 is a side view of the spreader grid of Fig. 1 according to various other embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 6 is a side view of the spreader grid of Fig. 1 according to still other embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 7 is a side view of the spreader grid of Fig. 1 according to still other embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 8 is an exposed sectional view of the diffuser grille of Fig. 1, which is placed in a channel of the fuel bundle of Fig. 1 according to various embodiments of the invention.
    Detailed Description The description below is for illustrative purposes only and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application or uses. Throughout the description, the same reference numerals will be used for similar elements.
    Referring to Fig. 1, a sectional view is shown in perspective of an exemplary portion of a marsh reactor core 10, such as a portion of a boiling water reactor core. The exemplary portion of the nuclear reactor core 10 includes four fuel bundles 14A, 14B, 14C and 14D, through which and around which flows a liquid moderator, i.e., a coolant, when the fuel bundles 14A, 14B, 14C and 14D are installed and the reactor is in operation. . Nuclear reactions in each fuel bundle 14A, 14B, 14C and 14D generate heat, which is used to convert the refrigerant to steam which is used to generate electricity. Each fuel bundle 14A, 14B, 14C and 14D has substantially the same structure, shape and function. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the fuel bundle 14A is described here.
    The fuel bundle 14A generally comprises a plurality of fuel rods 18, which are located in an elongate, tubular channel 22 and are kept separate from each other by means of at least one spreader grille 26. As described below, the spreader grille 26 is designed to: 1) hold the arranged the fuel rods 18 substantially centered in the channel 22 to increase the power potential of the fuel bundle 14A; 2) significantly reduce structural damage to the spreader grilles 26 and abrasion damage to the fuel rods 18, which can occur during transport of the fuel bundle 14A; and 3) assist in peeling off trapped liquid moderator from the inner surfaces of the duct 22, as the liquid moderator flows through the duct 22 and around the fuel rods 18. Although Fig. 1 shows only a single diffuser grille 26 pouring the upper portions of the fuel rods 18, separated, the fuel bundle 14A may comprise one or more, additional diffuser grilles 26 (not shown), which keep other portions of the fuel rods 18 separate. For example, in various embodiments, the fuel bundle 14A may include a second spreader grille 26 (not shown), which pours lower portions of the fuel rods apart. Although additional spreader grilles 26 are not shown, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the description herein of the various embodiments of the displayed spreader grille 26 is also applicable to any additional spreader grilles 26 not shown, such as the aforementioned second spreader grille 26.
    It should be noted, however, that not all of the fuel grid 26A of the fuel bundle 14A must necessarily be of the same embodiment. In other words, the first spreading grid of the fuel bundle 14A may be made in accordance with one of the different embodiments described here, while the second spreading grid of the fuel bundle 14A may be made in accordance with another of the different embodiments described here. Since all spreader grids 26A of the fuel bundle 14A are designed and operate in accordance with the various embodiments described herein, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, only a single spreader grille 26 will be described here.
    Referring to Figs. 2A and 2B, according to various embodiments, the spreader grille 26 includes a plurality of space dividers 30, the space dividers 30 are shown and described here as cross-patterned to form a group of cells 34. Although spacers, the spacers 30 may have any suitable structure. For example, the gap dividers 30 may be a plurality of joined short pipe sections. Each cell is constructed to hold one of the fuel rods 18 shown in Fig. 1) to form a group of equidistant rods (as fuel rods 18. The spreader grid 26 further includes a circumferential band 38, specifically opposite ends of each divider 30 are connected to the circumferential band 38 for to form a spreading grid 26. In different embodiments, each cell 34 comprises a plurality which peripherally surround the dividers 30. More specifically, for example, four centering devices 42 for the fuel rod, which are connected to respective dividers 30 and / or the circumferential band 38. The centering device 42 for the fuel rod may be any suitable device designed to provide stabilization and centering of the fuel rods 18 in the cells 34 so that the spacing of the fuel rods in each group 534 438 is maintained to provide more efficient power generation of the fuel bundle 14A. For example, the centering means 42 may be leaf springs. , which are connected to respective dividers 30 in each of the cells 34.
    As shown, the circumferential band 38 forms the outer sides of the peripheral cells 34, i.e., the outermost cells along the cell. Thus, the circumferential band 38 forms four sides of the diffuser grid 26. As best seen in Fig. 2B, the circumferential band 38 includes a plurality of spring tabs 466 along and extending from edge 50 on the circumferential band of the group. 38. In various embodiments, the spring tabs 46 are formed integrally with the circumferential band 38. In other embodiments, however, the spring tabs 46 may be attached to the circumferential band 38 using any suitable mounting means such as staple welding, soldering, riveting, etc. Each spring tab 46 includes a proximal end, which joins the spring flap to the edge 50 of the circumferential band 50. Further, each spring flap 46 extends from the edge 50 at an angle 6 away from the dividers 30, so that the distal end of each spring flap 46 is in contact with an inner surface 58 (shown in Fig. 1) on one of the respective walls 62 (shown in Fig. 1) of the channel 22, in which the grouped fuel rods 18 can be inserted to form the fuel bundle 14A.
    The angle 6 may be any angle suitable for providing simultaneous contact for each spring flap 46 with respective channel walls 62 and inner surfaces 58, respectively. More specifically, the circumferential band 38 and the spring flaps 46 are structured to have such an angle 6 that each spring flap is independently and at the same time exerts a desired spring force against the respective inner surface 58. Each spring tab 46 is thus designed as a separate and independent structure in relation to the other spring tabs 46 and applies a separate, independent spring force to the channel walls 62, which is based on the angle 6. In different embodiments, the angle 9 of each spring tab 46 is substantially identical, so that each spring tab exerts substantially the same force on the channel walls 62. In different embodiments, different spring tabs 46 extend from the edge 50 at different so that different spring tabs 46 apply different spring forces on the channel walls 62. angles 9, the spring tabs 46 apply force to the channel walls 62 in such a way, the rods 18, are held in a laterally centered to the spreader grid 26, and thus the group orientation inside the duct 22, when the duct 22 is installed in a reactor. By holding the grouped fuel rods 18 in a laterally centered orientation, i.e. substantially oriented about a longitudinal central axis of the channel 22, the power generation of the fuel bundle 14A can be maximized. As shown in Fig. 2B, in various embodiments, the spring tab 46 is configured to be substantially flat and straight in length. In other words, each spring tab 46 is substantially straight and flat along both the longitudinal and lateral axes of the respective spring tab 46. In various embodiments, however, the distal end 54 of each spring tab 46 is slightly curved bores from the inner surface 58 of the respective channel wall to facilitate allow longitudinal movement of the grouped fuel rods 18 within the channel 22.
    In various embodiments, to minimize the pressure drop effect from the rearwardly curved distal end 54 of the spring tab, the distal end 54 of one or more spring tabs 46 may include a radius 56 (shown in phantom in Fig. 2B).
    The radius 56 forms the distal end 54 in such a way that the middle portion of the distal end 54 is bent backwards away from the respective channel wall 62, while the opposite portions of the distal end 54 come into contact with the respective channel wall 62.
    Furthermore, in various embodiments, the circumferential band 38 and the spring tabs 46 are structured such that the spring tabs 46 apply sufficient spring force to the inner surfaces 58 of the duct wall to substantially reduce the risk of damage to the grouped fuel rods 18 in the duct 22 during transport of the fuel bundle 14A. . More specifically, 534 438 the circumferential band 38 and the spring tabs 46 are structured so that the spring tabs 46 apply sufficient spring force to the inner surfaces 58 of the channel to dampen lateral movement of the grouped fuel rods 18 in the channel during transport, thereby preventing damage to the fuel rods 14 during transport of the fuel bundle 14A.
    Furthermore, in various embodiments, the circumferential band 38 and the spring tabs 46 are structured such that the spring tabs 46 apply sufficient spring force to the inner surfaces 58 of the channel wall to scale from respective surfaces 58 a liquid moderator trapped on the inner surfaces 58 of the channel wall 58. In other words, when the fuel bundle 14A, as described above, is installed in the core of a nuclear reactor and a coolant passes through the core and the fuel bundle 14A, the spring tabs 46 will interfere with the flow of coolant trapped on the inner surfaces 58 of the duct to break off thus trapping the coolant stream and directing it toward the fuel rods 18. Thus, the spring tabs 46 are structured to contact the inner surface 58 with sufficient force to effect peeling of the trapped liquid moderator and direct the stripped liquid moderator toward the fuel rods 14, the fuel rods 18 nuclear power generation capacity is increased.
    As described above, the circumferential band 38 forms the outer sides of the cell group, i.e. the four sides of the diffuser grille 26. In various embodiments, the spreader grille 26 includes the four sides and at least one beveled corner 66. In various embodiments, moreover, a corner spring tab 46A extends away from the edge 50 of each beveled corner 66 at such an angle 6 that a distal end 54A of each corner spring tab 46A contacts the inner surface 58 of each corner of the channel 22.
    Referring to Fig. 3, in various embodiments, each corner spring tab 46A is structured to be straight in length and contoured in cross section. In other words, each corner spring flap is contoured about a longitudinal axis X so that the distal end 54A is contoured to match the contour of the corner 22 of the channel. Thus, the distal end 54A of the corner spring tab 46A fits substantially snugly against the inner surface 58 of the channel 22 and corner, respectively, when the grouped fuel rods are inserted into the channel 22. Referring again to Figures 2A and 2B, as described above, the diffuser grille 26 includes four sides formed by the circumferential band 38, and the spring tabs 46 extend from the edge 50 at the angle 9 formed at the point of connection between the proximal end 52 of the spring tabs and the edge 50 of the circumferential band 50. In various embodiments, the spring tabs 46 are adjacent along the entire length of each side of the spreader grid 26. In other words, the spring tabs 46 extend side by side along the entire length of each side without any spacing between the spring tabs 46.
    Referring to Fig. 4, in various embodiments, the spring tabs 46 are equidistant along the entire length of each side of the diffuser grille 26. The gaps between the spring tabs 46 allow the coolant to flow freely between the spring tabs 46, while the spring tabs 46 direct the coolant flow toward the fuel rods 18 and interfere with coolant enclosed on the duct walls 62 and direct it toward the fuel rods 18, as described above.
    Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in various embodiments, the spring tabs 46 are arranged in at least one adjacent group, i.e., at least two adjacent spring tabs 46, along at least a portion of each side of the spreader grille. The gaps between one or more adjacent groups of spring tabs 46 allow the coolant to flow freely between the group or groups, while the groups of spring tabs 46 direct the coolant flow towards the fuel rods 18 and interfere with coolant enclosed on the duct walls 62 and lead in the second against the fuel rods 18, as described above. In embodiments, as exemplified in Fig. 7, the spring tabs are formed along each side of the diffuser grille 26 to include at least one single spring tab 46 spaced from at least one group of adjacent spring tabs. Thus, the coolant can flow freely through the spaces between the single spring tab 46 and the cohesive group (s) of spring tabs 46, while the group or groups of spring tabs 46 direct the coolant flow toward the fuel rods 18 and interfere with coolant enclosed on the duct walls 62 and lead it toward the fuel rods. 18, as described above.
    Finally, the location and spacing between the spring tabs 46 along the sides and chamfered corners of the diffuser grille 26 can be selectively selected to provide optimum performance for critical power and pressure drop of the fuel bundle 14A in the nuclear reactor.
    Fig. 8 is an exemplary illustration of the diffuser grille, which is located in the channel 22A of the fuel bundle 14A, with a wall of the channel 22 and the fuel rods 18 removed for clarity. The surfaces of the channel walls include a transverse groove 70. In various embodiments, the interiors structured to receive the distal ends 54 of the spring tabs 46 include. When the grouped fuel rods 18 are inserted into the channel 22, the spring tabs will slide along the channel wall until their rearwardly curved distal ends 54 are located within the respective transverse groove 70. The inner surfaces 58 of each barrier, those of the flow of liquid moderator between the channel walls 62 and the circumferential band 38, the rearwardly curved portion 54 of the distal ends 54 are eliminated which may arise due to the rearwardly curved portion does not extend into the stream of liquid moderator.
    Thus, as described herein, the fuel grid spreader grid 26A is structured to maintain the grouped fuel rods 18 laterally centered in the channel 22, which significantly reduces structural damage to the spreader grids 26 and abrasions on the fuel rods 18 that may occur during transport. the fuel bundle 14A, and it assists in peeling off trapped liquid moderator from the inner surfaces 5 of the duct 228. The diffuser grille 26 therefore increases the power potential of the fuel bundle 14A, when used in a reactor, and it protects the fuel rods 18 from damage during transport.
    The description above is by nature only exemplary, has been described and is intended to be within the scope of protection. and variations that do not deviate from the essence of what such variations should not be construed as deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. 70 534 438 _ 13 _ Component list portion of a nuclear reactor core 14A fuel bundle 14B fuel bundle 14C fuel bundle 14D fuel bundle 18 fuel rods 22 channel 26 spreader grille spacer divider 34 cells 38 circumferential band 42 centering tabs for fuel rods 52 spring spring 52 edge spring spring of spring flap 54A distal end of bristle flap 56 radius of the distal end 58 of the spring flap 58 inner surface of channel walls 62 channel walls 66 beveled corner 70 transverse groove
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    A spreader grid (26) for a fuel bundle (14) in a nuclear reactor, the grid (26) comprising a plurality of cross-patterned spacers (30) forming a group of cells (34), each cell (34) being structured to hold one of a plurality of fuel rods (18) to form a group of equidistant fuel rods (18), and a circumferential band (38) circumferentially surrounding the dividers (30) and connected to opposite ends of each divider (30) ), the circumferential band (38) comprising a plurality of spring tabs (46) formed along an edge (50) of the circumferential band (38) and extending from the edge (50) at an angle away from the dividers (30). , so that the distal end (54) of each spring flap (46) contacts and applies a spring force to an inner surface of one of a plurality of walls (58) of a channel (22) in which the grouped fuel rods (18) can inserted to form a fuel bundle (14), said plurality of spring tabs (46) being arranged so that each one of the distal ends (54) is in contact with and applies the spring force to the inner surface, characterized in that the group of cells (34) comprises four sides and at least one bevelled corner (66) formed in the circumferential band ( 38), and the spring flaps (46) comprise at least one corner spring flap (46A) extending at an angle from the respective beveled corners (66) of the group of cells (34), the corner spring flap (46A) or flaps being straight in length and contoured about a longitudinal axis of the one or them, the contour matching the contour of a corner of the channel (22) so that the distal end (54) of the corner spring flap (46A) or flaps fits snugly into the corner of the channel (22), when the grouped fuel rods (18) are inserted in the channel (22).
    [2]
    A spreading grille (26) according to claim 1, wherein each spring tab (46) comprises a proximal end portion (52), which joins each spring tab (46) to the edge (50) of the circumferential band and at which the angle away from the parts (30) is formed . 10 15 20 25 30 35 534 438 15
    [3]
    A spreading grille (26) according to claim 1, wherein each spring tab (46) is designed to be a structure which is separate and independent of the other spring tabs (46).
    [4]
    The spreading grid (26) of claim 1, wherein the group of cells (34) comprises four sides formed by the circumferential band (38), and the spring tabs (46) are formed adjacent to each other along the entire length of each side.
    [5]
    A spreader grille (26) according to claim 1, wherein the group of cells (34) comprises four sides formed by the circumferential band (38), and the spring tabs (46) are either of: - equidistant along the entire length of each side; formed in at least one adjacent group along at least a portion of each side, the adjacent group comprising at least two spring tabs (46); and - formed along each side to include at least one single spring tab (46) spaced from at least one group of at least two adjacent spring tabs (46).
    [6]
    A spreading grille (26) according to claim 1, wherein each spring tab (46) is structured to come into contact with the inner surface of the duct walls (62), so that when the grouped fuel rods (18) are inserted into the duct (22), and the duct (22) is installed in a nuclear reactor, the distal ends (54) of the spring flaps (46) will interfere with a stream of coolant through the duct (22), which is trapped on the duct walls (62) to break up the trapped stream and lead it towards the group of fuel rods (18).
    [7]
    A spreader grille (26) according to claim 1, wherein the spring tabs (46) are structured to provide sufficient spring force, based on the angle, against the channel walls (62), when the grouped fuel rods (18) are inserted in the channel (22), and the duct (22) is installed in a nuclear reactor, to keep the grouped fuel rod (18) substantially centered in the duct (22) during the operation of the nuclear reactor, to maximize the power generation of the fuel bundle (14).
    [8]
    The spreading grille (26) of claim 1, wherein the spring tabs (46) are structured to provide sufficient spring force against the channel walls (62), when the grouped fuel rod (18) is inserted into the channel (22), to dampen the grouped movement of the fuel rod (18) in the channel (22) and to prevent damage to the fuel rod (18) during transport of the fuel bundle (14).
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US11/741,391|US8599994B2|2007-04-27|2007-04-27|Fuel bundle and spacer band|
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